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Streptococcus is one of the two medically important genera of gram-positive cocci, the other being Staphylococcus. Streptococci are identified as different species on blood agar on the basis of their hemolytic pattern and sensitivity to optochin and bacitracin. There are many pathogenic species of streptococci, including S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. pneumoniae, and the viridans streptococci (e.g., S. mutans, S. mitis, and S. sanguinis). Streptococcal infections cause a wide array of ... Learn about the different types of streptococcus bacteria, their causes, symptoms, and treatment options. Find out how to prevent and diagnose these infections and their complications. The streptococci are a large heterogeneous group of gram-positive spherically shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature. They include some of the most important agents of human disease as well as members of the normal human flora. Some ... Streptococcal infections are caused by the group of bacteria Streptococcus – a broad group that can cause many different infections, ranging in severity from mild illnesses to very serious, life-threatening infections like pneumonia.