Hemolytic anemia is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made. Learn about the inherited and acquired types, the possible causes, the signs and symptoms, the diagnosis methods, and the treatment options from Johns Hopkins Medicine. Overview of Hemolytic Anemia - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version. Hemolytic anemia is a class of anemia that is caused by the destruction of red blood cells, increased hemoglobin catabolism, decreased levels of hemoglobin, and an increase in efforts of bone marrow to regenerate products. Hemolytic anemia is a form of anemia due to abnormal breakdown of red blood cells, either in the blood vessels or elsewhere in the body. It can have various causes, symptoms, and complications, and is classified as intrinsic or extrinsic depending on the origin of hemolysis.