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Explore Gram staining : its principle, reagents, step-by-step procedure, and how to interpret results for bacterial identification. What is Gram staining ? Gram staining , a pivotal technique in microbiology, was pioneered by the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram in 1884. The primary objective of this method is to differentiate bacterial species into two principal groups based on the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls: gram -positive bacteria and gram -negative bacteria. The procedure begins with the application of a primary stain , crystal violet, to the bacterial sample. Following this, Lugol’s ... Gram stain is a technique to classify bacteria into gram -positive and gram -negative based on their cell wall properties. Learn how it works, who invented it and when it is used in medicine and research. Gram stain is a technique to impart color to the bacterial cell to differentiate between gram -positive bacteria and gram -negative bacteria based on cell wall composition. Gram Staining is a laboratory procedure that consists of four reagents crystal violet (primary stain ), iodine (mordant), decolorizer (ethyl alcohol), and safranin (counter stain ) to stain the bacterial cell. Hans Christian Gram is a Danish bacteriologist who named this stain and developed this method in 1884. The basic ...