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The complete set of chromosomes in a species or in an individual organism which are arranged on the basis of their length, the position of the centromeres, banding pattern, any differences between the sex chromosomes , and any other physical characteristics is called a karyotype. In general karyotype is the number and appearance of chromosomes inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Chromosomal disorders: Aneuploidy (an abnormal number of chromosomes ) occurs when an individual either is ... In the nuclear chromosomes of eukaryotes, the uncondensed DNA exists in a semi-ordered structure , where it is wrapped around histones (structural proteins), forming a composite material called chromatin. In this article, we will study What is chromosome , the discovery of chromosomes , the structure of chromatin, the structure of chromosomes , the function of chromosomes , types of chromosomes , Human chromosomes and Karyotypes, and Genetic mapping. Chromosome- Structure , Types and Functions In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes .
