The atomic theory of matter was first proposed on a firm scientific basis by John Dalton, a British school teacher in 1808. His theory, called Dalton’s atomic theory, regarded the atom as the ultimate particle of matter (Unit 1). Dalton’s atomic theory was able to explain the law of conservation of mass, law of constant composition and law of multiple proportion very successfully. However, it failed to explain the results of many experiments, for example, it was known that substances ... For best performance, you need the best boots. Our Atomic men's ski boots offers the best for everyone from beginner to pro. With customizable, ultimate fits, all-day comfort and boot-fitting. ATOMIC definition: 1. relating to atoms: 2. using the energy that is created when an atom is divided: 3. relating to…. Learn more. The history of atomic structure and quantum mechanics dates back to the times of Democritus, the person who first proposed that matter is composed of atoms. The study of the structure of an atom gives a great insight into the entire class of chemical reactions, bonds and their physical properties. The first scientific theory of atomic structure was proposed by John Dalton in the 1800s.