A p-type semiconductor is a group IV intrinsic semiconductor such as silicon (Si) doped with group III boron (B) or indium (In) as an impurity. Group IV elements are tetravalent elements with four valence electrons, while group III elements are trivalent elements with three valence electrons. A single crystal made only of tetravalent elements such as Si is an intrinsic semiconductor in which all bonds are connected to other elements by covalent bonds. When a small amount of boron is added to ... Learn what a p - type semiconductor is, how it is made, and how it differs from an n- type semiconductor . A p - type semiconductor has free holes in its crystal lattice that can move in response to an electric field. P -type semiconductors play a crucial role in the realm of semiconductor physics and technology. By understanding their energy diagram and conduction mechanisms, researchers and engineers can harness their unique properties for a wide range of applications, from electronic circuits to renewable energy devices. P -type Semiconductor Definition: A p -type semiconductor is defined as a semiconductor doped with trivalent impurity atoms, creating holes as the majority charge carriers. Role of Trivalent Impurity Atoms: Trivalent impurities, like boron, have three valence electrons that form bonds with the semiconductor atoms, leaving one incomplete bond or hole.
