Intellectual disability is a condition that limits intelligence and disrupts abilities necessary for living independently. Signs of this lifelong condition appear during childhood. Most people with this will need some degree of assistance throughout their lives. Support programs and educational offerings can help with managing symptoms and effects. Advertisement Contents Overview Symptoms and Causes Diagnosis and Tests Management and Treatment Outlook / Prognosis Prevention Living With ... Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability (in the United Kingdom), [3] and formerly mental retardation (in the United States), [4][5][6] is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning that is first apparent during childhood. An intellectual disability manifests in childhood. It affects a person's ability to reason, practice good judgment, problem-solve, and communicate. These challenges last throughout adulthood but there are ways to offer support. Learn about intellectual disability , including symptoms, risk factors, treatment options and answers to common questions.