Chemotherapy is used to treat many types of cancer, but it can cause side effects in patients. We spoke with medical oncologist Adaeze Iheme, M.D., about the most common chemotherapy side effects and how to manage them. Your cancer doctor and nurse will explain the side effects that your chemotherapy is likely to cause. The main areas of your body that may be affected by chemotherapy are areas where new cells are quickly made and replaced. Chemo affects your healthy cells. This can cause undesired side effects. Learn about the short- and long-term side effects. Discover effective ways of managing chemotherapy side effects for better cancer care and improved recovery