Java provides a rich set of modifiers . They are used to control access mechanisms and also provide information about class functionalities to JVM. They are divided into two categories namely: Access modifiers Non- access modifiers Access Modifiers Java ’s access modifiers are public, private, and protected. Java also defines a default access level (called package-private). public: When a member of a class is modified by public, then that member can be accessed by any other code. private ... Learn about Java Modifiers , including access and non- access types, with examples and best practices to control class, method, and variable properties effectively. Access modifiers are keywords in Java that set the accessibility (visibility) of classes, interfaces, variables, methods, and constructors . It specifies which parts of the program can interact with or access them. It also defines the scope and behaviour of these components, along with accessibility. In Java , access modifiers are essential tools that define how the members of a class, like variables, methods, and even the class itself, can be accessed from other parts of our program.